Many of those who have received radioactive iodine treatment report that they were not told that hypothyroidism is inevitable. But were led to believe that while it can happen, many don’t have that problem. Hence interesting to read this sentence:
Long-term follow-up studies have shown that hypothyroidism was an inevitable consequence of radioiodine therapy in patients with hyperthyroidism of multiple etiologies.
The paper mentions 110 comorbidities. It is necessary to scroll past the end of the main text to view the diagrams and tables which provide more details.
Increased risk of multisystem comorbidities and disease trajectories following hyperthyroidism: evidence from the 0.5 million UK Biobank population.
Abstract
Hyperthyroidism is a clinical syndrome caused by the excessive production of thyroid hormones, which can have a broad impact on overall health. We systematically investigated the subsequent multisystem comorbidities associated with hyperthyroidism and the progression of these conditions. After a 1:4 propensity score matching, a total of 5,832 hyperthyroidism patients and 22,579 controls from the UK Biobank were included in this study. Phenome-wide association study was conducted to explore the associations between hyperthyroidism and a broad range of subsequent diseases, supplemented by landmark analysis to depict the time-varying effects. Disease trajectory analysis was used to explore the sequential pattern of comorbidity progression of hyperthyroidism. Patients with prior diagnosed hyperthyroidism were observed to have an elevated risk of developing 110 subsequent diseases across multiple systems, as well as all-cause mortality and four causes of death, with particularly marked short-term adverse effects. Disease trajectory analysis demonstrated that the three disease clusters most affected by hyperthyroidism were cardiovascular disease cluster, gastrointestinal inflammation disease cluster, and diabetes-mediated disease cluster. Hyperthyroidism is associated with an elevated risk of subsequent multisystem diseases and mortality. Disease trajectory analysis has elucidated critical sequential patterns of disease progression, offering valuable insights for the management of comorbidities in patients with hyperthyroidism.
Paper is Open Access and may be reached via links below:
https://doi.org/10.1530/ec-25-0066
https://europepmc.org/article/MED/40193316
Currently the PDF is a double-spaced “manuscript” format which is not ideal for reading.
https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/aop/ec-25-0066/ec-25-0066.xml